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Wind generator from a DC motor

Wind generator from a DC motor


To power the manufactured rechargeable LED lamp, description of which given on the website, a wind generator based on a DC motor (24v / 0.7A) with permanent magnets has been manufactured and is currently being used. The wind generator, under average weather conditions, depending on the wind speed, provides an output voltage of 0.8 to 6.0 volts and a current of up to 200 mA. Subsequently, a stabilized voltage converter converts this DC output voltage from the wind generator into the necessary DC voltage, sufficient to charge the battery or supply the required load.

The proposed wind generator is simple to manufacture, does not require accurate calculations and manufacturing of complex parts, the acquisition of expensive components. In addition to the variant considered in the above article, such a wind generator can also find other applications. We use it where a small amount of electricity may be needed to power a low-power device. For example, for the operation of a compact weather station, monitoring the water level in a tank, for emergency lighting and controlling the automation of a greenhouse. During the day, in the presence of wind, the device’s battery with a supply receives free wind energy, and at the right time gives it to the consumer as necessary. Of course, the wind energy that comes to us is not great, but it comes to us almost constantly. And if you make a device for its accumulation and use do it yourself, from improvised materials, then this energy is free, and the device, in addition, will be economical, compact, mobile and non-volatile.

This article proposes to make a wind generator from a DC motor.

Making a wind generator.

1. The choice of electric generator.
For use as a low-power generator for the device, you can use the finished stepper motor without alterations. For maximum performance, if possible, it is advisable to use an engine with the smallest possible sticking of the shaft and with as many steps as possible per revolution. A variant of altering the electric motor or starter into a generator is possible. Various rework options are described on the Internet.

In our case, the simplest option was chosen.As an electric generator, we use a DC motor (24v / 0.7A) with permanent magnets, which does not require modifications. It has the property of reversibility - when its shaft rotates, voltage appears on the motor contacts. This electric motor was removed from a morally obsolete calculating machine.


2. The choice of propeller design.
In the first version of the design of the wind generator, to simplify manufacture, the plastic propeller, with a suitable landing diameter, from an industrial fan was taken as the basis of the propeller. To increase the torque on the generator shaft, the length of its blades was added with thin-walled metal plates with a profile close to the original.

However, this propeller design failed. In strong winds, due to the low stiffness of the plastic propeller, the metal lining of the blades deflected back and hit the structural stand, which eventually ended in failure.

When working out the first option, I decided on the design of the technological profile of the blades and their length. These propeller parameters affect its sensitivity to weak winds, and it prevails. It is necessary that with a little wind, the propeller can overcome the sticking of the shaft (attraction of the stator magnets) and begin rotation.

3. The manufacture of the propeller. We select or manufacture a hub for installing and attaching propeller blades.
In our case, it is an aluminum flange (4 mm thick, outer diameter 50 mm) with an axial bore along the diameter of the engine output shaft (8 mm - a gear wheel is pressed on the shaft, 10 mm long) and four evenly spaced M4 holes for mounting the blades. To fix the hub on the shaft, install one or two M4 screws in it (see photo).



4. Production of propeller blades.
From a galvanized sheet with a thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm, we cut 4 workpieces in the form of an isosceles trapezoid: height 250 mm, base 50 mm, upper side 20 mm. We bend the blades in half along the height of the trapezoid (creating a stiffening rib) at an angle of 45 degrees (see photo). We blunt sharp edges and corners (for our safety).


5. Installation and fastening of the propeller blades.
We position the blade on the hub so that the bend point on the base is above the axis of the hub, and the adjacent half of the base is above the mounting hole of the hub (see photo). We mark and drill a hole in the blades for an adjacent fixing screw, 4.2 mm in diameter. We fix the propeller blades one by one with the screws.




6. Propeller balancing.
We perform static balancing of the propeller. For this, we install and fix the propeller on a calibrated (polished) bar with a diameter equal to the diameter of the engine output shaft. We lay the bar with the propeller on two horizontally calibrated at the level of the ruler (pattern surfaces) located at the ends of the bar. In this case, the propeller will turn and one of the blades will go down. We turn the propeller a quarter of a turn and if the same blade has again lowered down, it needs to be lightened by cutting a narrow strip of metal from the side of the blade. We repeat a similar operation until the bar with the propeller does not stop turning after installation in any arbitrary position.

7. Production of the vane part of the wind generator.
We cut the aluminum square 20 x 20 mm to a length of 250 mm. On one side of the square, for one or two screws (rivets) we install a vertical stabilizer of the direction to the wind.

On the other side of the square, we install and fasten a clamp on two screws to secure the engine - generator. The clamp and stabilizer are also made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm (anticorrosive material used is possible). The length of the clamp is equal to the length of the engine. The length of the stabilizer is approximately 200 mm, the shape is to the taste of the manufacturer.

On the lower shelf of the square, in the middle of the clamp, tightly fix the rod (it is desirable to provide for its corrosion protection) to install the structure in the tube of the wind generator strut. The best option for determining the location of this rod is to determine the center of gravity of a pre-assembled and fully assembled structure, followed by drilling holes for attaching the rod there.


8. Assembly of the wind generator.
We install the engine - generator in place and fix it with a clamp. We fix the propeller to the motor output shaft. To protect the generator from atmospheric precipitation, we cut out and install a protective fence from a suitable plastic bottle. Fasten it with a screw.



9. Debugging a wind generator.
Pre-install the assembled wind generator in an open area in the direction of the wind. We form a variable profile of the blades. We bend the bent part of the blades so that at the ends of the blades (narrow part) the amount of limb is 10 ... 15 degrees (minimum resistance to air at maximum peripheral speed on the blades). To the center of the propeller, the magnitude of the limb on the blade varies to 30 ... 45 degrees. With an increase in the bending angle, the sensitivity of the wind generator to the wind increases, but because of the increase in resistance, the generator speed decreases, which leads to a decrease in output characteristics. Therefore, by changing the angle of the limb of the blades we select the optimal profile in the wind.

10. Installation of a wind generator.
To install a wind generator, a rack of the required height (preferably above the surrounding trees) is made from a pipe (water) and fixed to the object. The mounting rod of the wind generator must rotate freely in the pipe rack. Before installation, a sequential washer is sequentially put on the wind generator shaft - an intermediate washer to facilitate rotation, a spiral spring to smooth out the residual imbalance of the propeller, a protective washer to reduce the ingress of precipitation into the rack tube (a suitable size nut is installed in this design).

The wire from the generator is fixed mechanically from the contact breakage, descends along the rack with a margin in length for possible twisting around the rack and the mandatory loop for dripping drops from precipitation before entering the consumer.

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69 comments
Our name
mA is milliamps, not microamps, that is, 200 mA is 0.2 A. Those who are friends with electronics can use it if there is wind.
Some people seem to think that there is a tank with a diesel fuel and a working diesel engine lying around in every garden.
Quote: Brawler
And why, then, do you make such low-current designs with a lack of energy? Use a conventional car generator and wonders why and why it does not arise. Or in the LPR and DPR there are no abandoned cars, but only printers?

As always, they did not understand what they were reading and were trying to answer. ((Where did you get that pogranec and alex.kaver are from the people's republics?
And what does “Use a regular car generator” mean? How to use it?
And why, then, do you make such low-current designs with a lack of energy? Use a conventional car generator and wonders why and why it does not arise. Or in the LPR and DPR there are no abandoned cars, but only printers?
Stanislavsky!
Stanislavsky could allow himself to believe or not to believe, and a competent specialist should first for sure know! And only then really believe it or not!smile
Stanislavsky!
At the beginning of summer there was a passage on VHF from Lugansk.So the population was warned that in connection with possible outages, you need to stock up on batteries and listen to the notification at a certain frequency. And if there are no batteries?
You can add a few more tasks for this battery:
1. The radio.
2. The already mentioned charging the phone.
3. Alarm, including possibly with video recording.
4. Watering automation.
5. Imitation of human presence.
Not all together, but individually on a limited scale, it is possible to solve these problems.
Your logic is really bad. ((
Again go aside and begin verbiage. I repeat once again: the battery charge will occur by any, the smallest current exceeding the self-discharge current, there is no threshold value at which the current flows into the battery, but the charge does not occur, does not exist.
lihvin,
The specific task is indicated in the first paragraph of the article,
Yes, thanks, we’ve been discussing for so long that everyone forgot where to start!
It was enough once in my life, when at night without light (electricity in the network) I had to call 112!
Author
The specific task is indicated in the first paragraph of the article, the details of the task by reference in the first line.
The wind generator converts energy and CHARGES the BATTERY of the lighting device on 3 bright LEDs. They are installed in a very necessary and distant from the house building on the site. During the day, with sufficient wind, the battery is charged, and if necessary, at night, gives lighting.
You know, dear brawler, not everyone lives in conditions like us. For example, on the sites of the DNI and LNR posted instructions on how to recharge the phone from improvised means, from potatoes for example. Yes, and a lot of other information, which in civilian life seems absurd, but in war conditions ensures survival.
If you do not need it, this does not mean that no one needs it.
Again, the translation of attention to an unusable object! What does it have to do with alex.kaver? He is not the author.
Quote: Ivan_Pokhmelev
It’s completely immaterial what the internal resistance is, if there is current

Do you think so? Remember the connection diagram of a car ammeter. I recall that when the ignition (consumer) is turned on, the pointer arrow deviates towards the discharge, when the headlights are turned on, it deviates even more, and only when the generator is turned on it returns to "O" or deviates towards the charge. The analogy is clear? Notice, the average auto generator produces 13.8-14.2 volts at 50-95 amperes, do not cling to particulars, this is just an example, so, and the average car battery, working and charged at 95%, usually gives 12, 5 volts, I won’t say about amperes, it depends on the load.
Tell me, over the past year, how many times did you have nothing to recharge the phone from a word at all?
And to charge a mobile phone in 2 hours, as from a simple charge, you need 5.5 V and 0.5 A
We do not know for what specific task the author needed this design.
this power will charge the mobile in 10 hours
Who is talking about a full charge? I recharged how much it turned out, made the necessary call, that's all!
lihvin
Did you come up with a windmill, or did someone advise you to do this?
1) The master is one step higher than the specialist (in the direction of growth: bachelor, specialist, master, candidate of sciences, doctor of sciences);
2) Power, not efficiency, depends on the surface being swept away;
3) Efficiency is the aerodynamic characteristic of a propeller, the higher the efficiency (correct execution), the greater the coefficient of use of wind energy, that is, the same screw (diameter) can have different efficiency (converting air flow into rotational energy);
4) From an increase in the number of blades, the power does not change, but the start moment increases and the speed decreases.
When moving from 3 to 4 blades, speed (speed of propeller rotation in wind) will fall (see paragraph 4), then you fear as it should).
What is the diameter of your propeller? What voltage and current does your motor give, for example, at 10 revolutions per second, did you check?
To charge a mobile phone you need at least 5.5 V and 0.1 A, such power will charge the mobile in 10 hours, your windmill gives such parameters, and will it rotate for 10 hours? And to charge a mobile phone in 2 hours, as from a simple charge, you need 5.5 V and 0.5 A
This device is not for powering household appliances, but for charging a “power bank” for emergency lighting and for charging “gadgets”. A stepper motor (e.g. from an old printer) gives a good result. The blades can be made not rigid, but "sailing" with a variable pitch on springs or elastic bands. They hold wind gusts well.
Quote: Brawler
it’s not clear why you are so stubbornly defending this product

I defend against no competent attacks. Criticism must be justified.
Quote: Brawler
You, dear friend, have forgotten a couple more factors inherent in batteries, this is internal resistance and increasing resistance as you charge. To school, Ivan Pohmelev, to school.

It’s time for you to go to school. It is completely irrelevant what is the internal resistance, if there is current. But you are trying to evade the answer. You argued that there is a certain threshold value, when the current flows below it, the charge does not occur. That is, current flows into the battery, but it does not produce charge. Here are your words:
you are kind, aware that the battery is not a bucket into which water is dripping from a pipette, but rather a balloon that does not inflate with too little spirit?
Not sometimes, but constantly, unlike 99% of people with respect for those to whom they write.
Yes, I write looking at the keyboard.
Look at the keyboard and don’t see the biggest key? I do not believe!
Quote: Ivan_Pokhmelev
Don't you understand that a solid text is harder to read?

You don’t understand that sometimes this happens, but you cling to minor flaws, as to mortal sins, but I write while looking at the keyboard.
Quote: Ivan_Pokhmelev
The battery is charged by any, even the smallest current, if only it exceeds the self-discharge current

Elementary. You, dear friend, have forgotten a couple more factors inherent in batteries, this is internal resistance and increasing resistance as you charge. To school, Ivan Pohmelev, to school.
PS You know, I just don’t understand why you are so stubbornly defending this product, I’ll never believe that you know how to use a stationary AAA battery (well, like a “crown”) depending on the weather. Maybe, because I recently signed up .... funny, sir.
Quote: Brawler
You, they chided me about the gaps ... I understand ... it’s difficult to object to the matter, it’s necessary to distract the opponent,

Don't you understand that a solid text is harder to read?
In the case, I objected to you with reason, and you only have demagogy and links to the textbook. It is especially funny to hear this from a person who does not distinguish milliamps from microamps. )))
Try to refute what
The battery is charged by any, even the smallest current, if only it exceeds the self-discharge current
Quote: Ivan_Pokhmelev
What for? I do not have such a need

Bravo! For some reason I thought so.And about the fact that you wrote about the battery, repeat physics for the 7th grade, pay attention to Ohm's law and remember Newton, he is certainly more of a mechanic, however, the law of counteraction is also applicable in electrical engineering. You, I was blamed for the gaps ... I understand ... it’s difficult to object in the matter, it is necessary to distract the opponent, thank you for at least not getting into psychology as an author. Say he has 24 similar items? We have to look.
Quote: pogranec
Have questions about technical characteristics?

So I started from this, if you didn’t notice, I said that the return is extremely small and probably will not be in demand, at least the author himself didn’t explain exactly where he uses the “free” energy, only expressed assumptions about use and all .....
What nonsense are you talking about? It has long been chewed on this site, if you do not need it, this does not mean that others do not need it. There are questions on technical specifications criticize, criticize in the text, no need to provoke.
What for? I do not have such a need. I think if you repeat this, the product will work with the declared parameters, there is nothing supernatural there.
Ivan Pohmelev, are you ready to repeat this? I, not about the material and technical base, make a replica of this, OW, PLEASE, PLEASE, PLEASEAAAAA
1. I join the nickname that liyhvin gave!
2.
I just want to clarify exactly where I got naughty ?, the definition of "masturbation" offended you
Do you think the manufacture of such products is something else ???
I can’t accurately diagnose a person who does not understand their own thoughts, even after indicating the need to "filter the market" The behavior of a young cockerel.
Quote: Korolev
Sharpened in a non-electrified cottage?

Why are you, so persistently inventing a combination of circumstances, is this a personal interest?
Quote: Brawler
Do not cling dear, to the abbreviations, I did not write them, I translated what you wrote, if I was mistaken, then with your help.
The author was mistaken only in that instead of a capital letter he wrote a lowercase in the old fashion, but here you first underestimated the parameters of the product 1000 times, and then they found fault with the same thing.
Quote: Brawler
About the battery, you are kind, aware that the battery is not a bucket into which water is pipetted, but rather a balloon that does not inflate with too little spirit?
Everything is exactly the opposite. The battery is charged by any, even the smallest current, if only it would exceed the self-discharge current (very small, we can say microscopic).

And further. Mr BrawlerYou may be used to typing, but it’s already the 21st century, it’s time to quit old habits, you need to make spaces after punctuation marks.
Author
Quote: Brawler
Quote: lihvin
I wonder what type the commenter will choose.
If the essence of the matter, then rudeness does not paint even Muscovites.

You, in an attempt to justify the futility of your "creation" turned to the individual? This is a powerful argument, I just want to clarify exactly where I was rude ?, the definition of "masturbation" offended you, well, give a definition of a person who does useless things and does not need to be generalized, if you decide to dive, speak for yourself. Here you come across really necessary and interesting products, but not yours.

The article suggests one of the many possible options for a windmill, simple, working and affordable for manufacturing. You don't like it, please. You are not the only evaluator. And in order not to generalize, do not use the plural, it is so simple.
Author
Quote: Brawler
0.1 A can kill a horse, but probably not at a voltage of 6 volts. Do not cling respected, to cuts, I didn’t write them, I translated what you wrote, if I was mistaken, then with your help. About the battery, you are kind, aware that the battery is not a bucket into which water is pipetted, but rather, a balloon that doesn’t inflate with too little spirit ?, this is because when you give 200 microamps, your battery should be with a maximum capacity of 0.2 Ah. In general, if you need to energize LED flashlights or a watch battery, I am glad for you, use your health.Personally, I just do not find use for this thing.

How pleasant it is to read “You,” “Dear,” “Personally, I just do not find any use for this thing” (I write this sincerely, without a catch - your opinion is clearly visible). And then masturbation, idiots, delirium, fuck, etc.
Regarding the 0.2Ah battery capacity you mentioned (for example, NiMH battery; 0.2Ah - 1.2V), when it is charged with a current of only 100mA - (the milliamperes were mentioned in the article), the battery charges perfectly and when fully charged, give out some time up to 2 ... 3 A. And this is not enough for you. And one of the recommended charging modes by the manufacturer is 0.1C (20mA). So the ball is for the children.
Quote: Korolev
Value
masturbator
For the "bazaar" must be answered!

Do you think the manufacture of such products is something else ??? Don’t tell me, generator, at MAXIMUM 6 volts and 200 ma(as stated by the author)
Quote: Korolev
Sharpened in a non-electrified cottage?

And how will this device save a non-electrified cottage?
Value
masturbator
For the "bazaar" must be answered!
Elderly summer residents from the bus, they will not trample an electric motor from a children's toy to the country, they will rather take a normal 1-phase 200-watt motor to make a sharpener, and not that.
Sharpened in a non-electrified cottage?
I vaguely suspected that I had exhaustively set out the New Standard
In general, they do 3 more often because it is easier to center, also through the gyroscopic effect, a more uniform load on the plane of rotation and an increased start moment of such a screw
. On solar panels I agree with you, a little expensive!
Quote: lihvin
I wonder what type the commenter will choose.
If the essence of the matter, then rudeness does not paint even Muscovites.

You, in an attempt to justify the futility of your "creation" turned to the individual? This is a powerful argument, I just want to clarify exactly where I was cheating ?, the definition of "masturbation" offended you, well, give a definition of a person who does useless things and does not need to be generalized, if you decide to dive, speak for yourself. Here you come across really necessary and interesting products, but not yours.
Quote: Korolev
1. A wind generator disguised as a weather vane is cheaper than a solar panel and may not attract the attention of crooks. smile
2. Not all summer residents, especially the elderly, drive a car! Our country buses are always crowded!

The presented product, well, it’s impossible to call it a “disguised wind generator”
Older summer residents from the bus, they will not trample an electric motor from a children's toy to the country, they will rather take a normal 1-phase 200-watt motor to make a sharpener, and not that.
Author
Quote: Brawler
Gentlemen of masturbation, it’s not even that someone misunderstood something, described it, mixed it up, but that crafts from waste are usually worthless trash. For what purpose can this generator be used with permission? to go to the oven, why so far, solar powered masts were installed in my yard ..... this is a city and they are at least somehow in demand, but how to use this product? The author claims 0.8-6 volts and 200 what something from amperes, WHERE TO USE IT? The answer is only here, for the little deny.

Well, "Lord of the masturbation" (as I understand the authors of the site "Imdmyself.com") on Olympus (in Moscow itself!) A new seer appeared and told everyone what to do. He cannot say or do anything sensible or interesting, but he wants to light up so much. The name has chosen the appropriate - "Scandalist". This type of personality was described by the scientist A. Lichko "Psychopathies and character accentuations in adolescents" (1977). Although Lichko reveals the types of behavior of not yet adult people, but, nevertheless, the most striking features remain until old age.
Epileptoid
The most prone to scandal. It appears in an angry-angry state. Epileptics accumulate negative emotions and are often jealous.
Hysteroid
Such people are self-centered, thirsty for love and recognition, attract attention in all possible ways.
Until the third type, grow and grow.
I wonder what type the commenter will choose.
If the essence of the matter, then rudeness does not paint even Muscovites.
Details of the equipment that worked for a year and was replaced with a more modern one did not become “junk”, with a service life of 15 years.
Territories of "electrified" cottages (for some) are significant, so if necessary, it is easier to put a mast with a compact low-power windmill in the far corner of the cottage than to drag a power cable there. Modern electronic circuits operate at microcurrents, batteries are compact, have significant capacity and output current. So an intelligent person will find use for this.
0.1 Or maybe it kills a horse, but probably not at a voltage of 6 volts. Do not cling dear, to reductions, I did not write them, I translated what you wrote, if I was mistaken, then with your help. About the battery , you are kind, aware that the battery is not a bucket into which water is dripping from a pipette, but rather a balloon that does not inflate with too little spirit ?, this means that when you give 200 microamps your battery should be with a maximum capacity of 0.2 Ah In general, if you need to energize LED flashlights or a battery in a watch, I’m glad for you to use your health. Personally, I just don’t find the use of this thing.
Author
Quote: New Standard
Lihvin
Such an engine ... that the blades can withstand gusts.
To increase the torque you need a larger number of blades, and not the use of metal plates.
The propeller is made very poorly, its coefficient of use of wind energy is small

About the number of blades, I answered earlier, about the pads mentioned in the article only as a preliminary version.
The working version of the screw is made as simple as possible, accessible to any student. What do you mean by "very poor quality" I do not know, I did not pursue scientific theories. But in practice, it works great in low winds and doesn’t go out of place in lightning winds. Effective characteristics at the beginning of the article.
Author
Quote: Brawler
What the fuck is the battery ???! When returning 200 microamps, a call on the gate to power is not enough. Now, if you illuminate the mouse mink, then!


Mr. Skandalist Have you heard what a battery is ???! He is STORING energy! And even, as you write, “200 microamps” can quickly grow there (if there is wind) in those 0.1A that kill the horse. And about the fact that you do not distinguish between the abbreviations ma and μa (forgive me the great French physicist Ampère - designations mA and μA) - I am simply silent.
Author
Quote: Korolev
For some reason, it seems to me that the blades should be 3. And I would like more details from the operating experience. While writing a comment, a crazy idea came about combining a generator and a solar battery charging a common battery!

I apologize for the late reply, was away from civilization.
As experts and practitioners really say, and not "masters ...", the propeller efficiency depends on its "swept" area, and not on the number of blades. Four blades are selected due to the presence of a suitable flange with 4 mounting holes (see photo in the article). And their static balancing is more unambiguous.
Not yet located for solar panels - expensive and ineffective. Chinese garden lanterns on with.batteries go out before dawn even after a completely sunny day. And such days are rare in our area. I consider it to be irrational to increase the area of ​​a battery for the power supply of 3 LEDs. The proposed windmill perfectly copes with its task from April to this day with repeated daily use.
Korolev,
Yes, solar panels per unit of generated urine are more expensive than a wind generator, but the advantages of solar panels are almost undeniable. It's like comparing a bike with and without gears, but with gears it's more expensive, but how much better. Panels do not have rotating surfaces, do not make noise, almost do not spoil the view (when they are put on the roof at the equator), and the sun (even light) almost always has something to say about the wind. But the thing here is different, that the homemade windmill given to you will not charge the cell phone, even during a storm (when the wind blows brick dimples) it will not give the necessary urination, because it was done incorrectly, only on enthusiasm. They told the author, listen to the smart residents of our sites, how to do it, so not disappear with the money you earned)). In general, if anyone needs it, then here I can give advice on windmills, I'm just too lazy to put my homemade stuff on))
is it wiser to take care of the solar battery, or to charge the phone from a car?

1. A wind generator disguised as a weather vane is cheaper than a solar panel and may not attract the attention of crooks. smile
2. Not all summer residents, especially the elderly, drive a car! Our country buses are always crowded!

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