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Reer and Meisel from an old file

Hello, dear visitors of the site. In my last publication, I talked about my homemade wood lathe.. Now I want to talk about how I made cutters for him from an old file that had served its age.

It is known that in order to work with wood on a lathe, it is necessary to have at least two main cutters - rake and meisel. (Although I, in the process of testing the machine, managed one and only grandfather's chisel. But not a century to suffer ...))))

Reer - a cutter for primary, rough processing. They align the workpiece, and make it cylindrical. In the process of this work, the cutter has serious impact loads, so the shape of the rake should ensure its rigidity, and, at the same time, allow contact with the workpiece with only a small cutting edge area. As a rule, it has a gutter-shaped shape with a rounded end. (Occasionally only a rounded end is dispensed with). Sharpening at reer one-sided.

Meisel - a cutter for exact processing. It has a beveled cutting edge and double-sided sharpening.

Cutters must be made of very hard steel. Therefore, as a material for them, I decided to use a very old flat file, which was released in the 70s of the last century. As a tool, he had already served his - dull, and in some places corrosion appeared. But as a blank for cutters, it fits perfectly! The quality of steel in the USSR was quite good, and, most importantly, then they did not bother with zone hardening! The file steel always had the same properties both on the work surface and inside the tool.

Here is what I needed to make the cutters:

1. Old wide flat file (It could be a rasp. But I had a drachev).
2. Trimming thin-walled metal pipe with a diameter of 25 mm.
3. Handles for a hammer.

Too lazy to read, he can see the process of making cutters in this video:



But we will proceed.

I am not the first to make file cutters. Looking through information on this topic, I saw that, basically, people always release the file, then process and temper again. I decided to abandon the vacation with subsequent hardening ...
I'll try to explain ...

Steel hardening is a rather complicated technological process !!! In order to produce it correctly, it is necessary, at a minimum, to know the steel grade and its properties! Yes, and possess equipment that allows you to precisely control the required temperature.

IN home Under conditions, people often temper steel ... And they think that it turns out well ... But, exactly, they think ... Actually, it’s only good at masters with great experience, and if they know which steel they have business ... Of course, a metal heated to a stable glow, which is sharply cooled, in any case, will significantly increase its hardness. (unless, of course, this alloy is quenched). But here, it is unlikely that someone will be able to recreate factory hardening at home without a good stove, or a hearth and relevant directories. And even more so, I don’t believe that something sensible can happen to those who heat a file on a gas stove in the kitchen, or with a cheap household gas burner !!! )))))

Therefore, I decided to keep the "native" hardening of the file during manufacture. Abrasive will go, of course, many times more, but we’ll put up with it ... The main thing is a quality product at the output.

To begin with, I sawed a file with a grinder into two equal parts. (Measured the length (with a shank!) And divided by half.). The cut was carried out very carefully, constantly lowering the file into the water after a second touch with a cutting wheel. Cut immediately at an angle:


I started with making a meisel. I did not begin to calculate the angles! After all, anyone familiar with sharpening a tool knows that the desired angle can be precisely observed only if the sharpening tool has a support bar (or vice), which is regulated by the protractor. In any other cases, when the thickness of even a pencil marking gives a colossal error for the angle, and even more so if, when sharpening, it is necessary to maintain the angle on a plane that itself is located at an angle .... This is all as easily possible as correct hardening with a household gas burner! )))) smoke

So, I will sharpen by eye !!! And I’ll also choose the angle “so that it would be normal.”))) That is, first I will determine the desired sharpening angle “on a hunch”, then I will grind it ... a little bit short of it ... And when I try to work already, I will not grind more will be difficult ... If necessary ...

I also sharpened it with the help of a grinder, providing it with a cleanup circle. The method - as with cutting: a second or two cleanings - dipping in water ...
It took me several hours and a half of new cleaning circles! ... Ehh, they did good steel in the USSR. But remember? Did we criticize quality with might and main ??? They retold some legends about the fact that "here abroad, iron is iron!" ))) ... Apparently, we just didn’t know bad then ...))))) And those legends were from the same cycle as “There is a 25-year guarantee on Japanese TV! And if you open it, everything burns out inside ! " )))) boss heat





The final sharpening I did manually. The grinder circle rotates very quickly. The thinner end of the edge will turn blue instantly. But this must not be allowed. And so, spread a sheet of sandpaper - and go !!! Pens! )))


Next came the turn of the petal circle. I cleaned them and removed the notches:




Now we will do the handle. I always have various cuttings and handles in stock - for shovels, rakes, and other axes and hammers. I don’t do them myself (it’s a pity for the time), I just buy ready-made ones “to be”. This time I decided to use handles for hammers:


To strengthen it, I found in my scrap metal piece of thin-walled (not water) pipe, 25 mm in diameter, and cut a piece of 15 cm:



Having placed the tube between the two boards, I “flattened it with a sledgehammer-percussion method”, making its cross section oval:



Then he adjusted the handle from the hammer to the size of this pipe ... I should have done it with a knife ... Yes, only laziness, mother .... I managed the grinder, on which the petal circle was still dressed .... But so what dusty? !!!! dontknow


The pipe landing spot was abundantly coated with carpentry glue:


And he cased the pipe on the handle:


Drilled a hole for the shank:


Grinder made a drink:
(by an ordinary cutting wheel for metal. I know, I know that it’s impossible! That a circle from a tree can burn up and collapse .... Only this is in theory.And then - he cut it, and okay ...)))



He fixed the blade in this way with an emphasis on the tree:


And he filled the handle, generously lubricating the shank in front of this glue, and poured a little glue into the hole prepared for it. Meisel, you can say, is already ready:





Now I want to make a reer from the rest of the file.
With the help of the sweep circle, we begin to make a gutter (again, not forgetting to cool!).



Cutting circle "cut off excess":


This part of the file does not have a shank. I had to cut it:


This time I didn’t bother with cooling, of course ... Not only that, then I also released it specially. After all, the fragile shank of the instrument is a great evil)))). I haven’t photographed this process ... I’ll just describe ...

He did not dare to heat with a burner, so as not to damage the hardening of the entire workpiece. He lowered the workpiece with the working edge in a jar of water up to half, and simply cooked the base of the shank with a thick electrode until it all began to glow. He let it cool. At the same time, the water at the touch point was boiling slightly, but its temperature in the jar (and hence the temperature of the cutting part of the workpiece) made it easy to hold fingers in it .... Then I simply removed the "electrode soldering" with a cleaned circle.

Further, by scrubbing, and later, by the petal circle, he continued to form a “trough-like body” of the incisor, while at the same time sharpening:







He made the handle using the same technology as the Meisel handle.
After which, as usual, the stage of "combing homemade goods"))))).

I drilled holes at the ends of the handles so that it could be hung on a carnation)))) And I treated it with wood impregnation, which I had left after making the garden bench.



Well, painted the metal parts of the tools ...







P.S.
10
10
9.5

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20 comments
Author
Yes, drop it! Unless to try to sharpen metal, and that if square! )))) ... You won’t break it with a hammer ... There is a powerful "body" ...
Sharpened at this point already a lot of things. And a knotty birch, dried up to a jingle, including ...
Guest Michael
In vain did not "let go" the file will burst from the transverse load, take care of your hands.
Author
So far, weak! ))) A cartridge is needed. You won’t do this with the tailstock ...
You can, of course, screw the workpiece to the faceplate with screws ... But well, it ... I'll make a cartridge - then I'll do all kinds of creative work)))).
But now is not up to it ... Construction has begun ...
again emptiness in thoughts and there is no sense in life!
Is the egg - a nested doll (vanka - an upright) - weak? dance2
Author
Well, what about the advice to do nested dolls, I took the question
Now again I don’t know why I need this machine ?? like wanting to hear usage suggestions.


Well no. It was a joke. Because, it seems, even in the article he wrote that he had wanted to do it for a long time, but did not know why it was needed.))) Even jokingly, he bothered friends to come up with a request to come up with why the hell I need such a machine, but I really want to do it painfully) )))
And then my daughter asked how they make wooden eggs for painting, and can I make these ... This was already an occasion!))))
And now - again there is a void in thoughts and there is no sense in life!))))) helper
more critical approach to work
The process of making homemade work - creativity, high, repetition to order - I'm not interested anymore! smile
Perhaps when making something to order, a more critical approach to business is triggered, you can forgive yourself something, but for the customer you’re afraid of “face the dirt”.
I have the same crap
I, too, have one thing to make for the soul, and quite another for uncle! nea
I fully agree with you
Well, I'm definitely not going to earn money with this! ))). As soon as I start - it immediately ceases to please me ...
I have the same crap, I do not like to repeat myself. My acquaintances persuaded me to make another watch in the form of a boot (to someone as a “souvenir from the city of shoemakers”), so I spent a month chewing them, as if someone was holding hands.
Well, what about the advice to do nested dolls, I took the question
Now again I don’t know why I need this machine ??
like wanting to hear usage suggestions. I also wanted to attribute at the end "if there is a desire to establish mass production."
Author
Thanks. We have already celebrated even a bottle of semi-dry ...)))))
I got a message on Viber: "10"
Please accept my sincere congratulations! I sincerely rejoice with you! drinks
Author
Nah ... Sometimes, it happened, they ordered me to do the same for money ... Especially often they ask for a "fireplace". Persuaded several times. One even offered a thousand ...
Not. I will not .. Do not confuse immigration tourism hobby with making money.
Well, think for yourself ... How much is a reasonable maximum price for such a machine ??? Maximum - three hundred dollars, probably ... So what? After deducting roughly hundreds of materials, two hundred remains ... I did it in the evenings for about a month (there are other things) ...
Have you been sentenced for two hundred dollars a month to do what is no longer interesting ??? The incentive is gone! The incentive was to create!))))
Author
Well, I'm definitely not going to earn money with this! ))). As soon as I start - it immediately ceases to please me ...
Only they need to be painted, but as preparations for painting or carving, they will go,

My daughter is a certified artist. And, although there is talent, confirmed by prizes from international exhibitions and several paintings sold for hundreds of euros, but for her it is also at the level of a hobby. She earned this only at school. Then she was interested in "having her own money," and she sold her paintings directly at exhibitions, agreed to all offers from printing companies to create covers for calendars and almanacs, etc ....
But this was due to the youthful desire "to be something of ourselves" ...)))) Proudly gave us expensive gifts and paid for itself in Turkey.))))
And now she is finishing a technical university. (Right now NOW! In the truest sense of the word ... Because, while I am writing this post, a message came to the vibe: "10" ... She passes the "state". (For Russians: we have a ten-point rating system!)) )
And she, I hope, will not be a techie either ... Simply, extra knowledge does not happen !!!
And she will, I hope, deal with family and raising children! ... In between, for pleasure, by painting pictures.)))
But the husband will already feed her and the children ...
... what am I doing ...
So I made a machine (enjoyed). Then he sharpened a "bucket" of wooden eggs (he again enjoyed it) ... My daughter painted them (I enjoyed it) ... And on Easter we will give them all to friends (And again we will get enormous pleasure !!!)
Here are so many pleasures !!! Is the amount received from crafts, the same amount will deliver ??? )))
(Now again I don’t know why I need this machine ??)))). He has already fulfilled his function, for which he was created)))

Any praise on the site is one thing. friends goodgood You try to evaluate (sell) stanochki ... And the button is there (or selling). And so, standing dusty on a shelf. Not presentable, purely Imho.
Try sharpening glasses - cups, caskets, nested dolls at last. Only they need to be painted, but as preparations for painting or carving, they will go, there would be a demand for souvenirs. One friend of mine was engaged in wood carving (not geometry), bought blanks, though from linden, cut out an ornament, and then “steamed” the tourists on the pier (we have the last parking lot here in front of Moscow for pumping fecal waters, and they stand for a long time), there are a lot of people there who “vparitsya”, from ancient spinning wheels and samovars to freshly painted paintings, caskets and souvenirs woven from willow.
Author
Well ... Our files were really made of good steel! )))).Yesterday I was convinced ... I sharpened a bucket of wooden eggs from a birch in the evening for my daughter. Somewhere, about 50-60. Two or three times the whole corrected the cutters on the sandpaper. Almost do not sit down ...
(Now again I don’t know why I need this machine ??)))). He has already fulfilled his function, for the sake of which he was created))))))
Although .... Yesterday she said something about chiseled candlesticks and candelabra for decoration ....
He was a "fan of the USSR."
No, he pronounced his phrases rather with mockery, sarcasm. As for the German quality, I served in the GSVG in the early 80s, I had to buy shaving blades, so our "NEVA" was "chic" compared to their "rapid". Our watches were in good demand among the Germans (I don’t know about the “Ray”, but they took the “Sunrise”, just give them) and radios, moreover, simple dual-band ones. The German Ruhla pocket watch with plastic gears, which cost 6 mark (2 Soviet rubles), worked for exactly a month. The watch was not much better.
And they relish our vodka. And very, very praised !!!
Soviet exported products were very different from consumer goods!
Belarusian goods are quite high quality!
I confirm, in comparison with ours - the earth and the sky, especially since one saleswoman said that she carries only high-quality products, and we have heaps of her own worthless! smile
Author
Well ... there’s something else ...
He was a "fan of the USSR." I don’t. Then (in the USSR) I sacredly believed that "everything ours is of the worst quality." What is imported - yes! They and cars are better than ours (all without exception) and clothes are warmer and metal is stronger.)))
And later, in the late 80s, when the USSR was de facto already gone, I remember when I was in Poland I was very surprised when someone said that the Soviet instrument is high-quality !!! (I thought that our worst does not happen !!!). I even remember this incident for life because of the absurdity of this statement.)))
And even later (90s), once in Germany, he was surprised that the Germans considered our “sevens” to be high-quality (Klein Mercedes, as they jokingly called it)))) And they relish our vodka. And very, very praised !!! (Oh, horror! This cannot be !!! Ours is the worst !!!) ... And in Germany, the Luch clock and our Brest stoves were very much appreciated.
Here's how it could be ???? )))
Apparently, that’s the way the people are arranged ... He likes to blame everything on him!)))
..Here (on the Internet) I hear the opinion that Belarusian goods are quite high quality! ...
Yeah !!! You come and tell us here! )))). Cursed! )))
Especially if you praise the milk produced by Saushkin ...
Phrase
Ehh, they did good steel in the USSR.
reminded our teacher of metal science, who said: "Take for example steel, our, good, Soviet steel ...". Or the question "what letter to designate ..." (meaning Russian or Latin when writing notes) answered - "Soviet".

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