Surely many of you have heard about problems with clean fresh water. But what if access is only to sea water?
In this article, the author of the YouTube channel "NightHawkInLight" will tell you about the manufacture and demonstration of a very simple fixtures for distillation of water, the transformation of salty sea water into a perfect fresh.
And all you need is two glass bottles (the wider in diameter, the better), two metal containers, and a little sand.
Materials
- Metal pallets
- sand
- Two glass bottles.
Instruments, used by the author.
- Bake.
Manufacturing process.
The author demonstrates fairly small bottles in his experiment, but this is the most common type of bottle available to everyone.
Metal trays are not a required structural element. But thanks to them, the process is much easier to manage. They are designed to maintain one bottle above the flame, and the second - in a cool environment.
The first step is to prepare the territory for the bottles so that they can fit there neck to neck. One of the bottles should be installed above the heat source. In our case, it will be a makeshift rocket furnace.
But, in principle, the same can be done on an ordinary fire. You only need to find a way to hang or place the bottles over the fire. It can be stones or logs.
The "rocket / jet" furnace is a regular can of paint, to the bottom of which is attached another tin tank through which fuel and fresh air are supplied.
The author chose ordinary flat stones as a stand for this device. Trays are arranged like this. Moreover, in each of them, the author / inventor previously made a cutout from the edge. The necks / necks of the bottles will fall into these indentations, and then the whole bottle will be somewhat buried in the tray. The author emphasizes that these trays are not a necessary part, but they give the construction some reliability.
Both trays are filled with sand - so they can conduct heat more efficiently. One tray will cool one of the bottles, while the second will prevent another bottle from overheating, namely its lower part.
The biggest obstacle in this method, limiting the amount of water for cleaning, is the shape of the bottle itself. It is possible to distill only the volume of water that fits into the bottle when it is horizontal, if at the same time the water does not flow through the neck of the bottle.
The bottle is placed quite tightly in the sand to get a good and even thermal contact. In the right bottle is a concentrated aqueous saline solution that simulates seawater.
The second bottle is also tightly placed in the sand so that both necks are facing each other and butt. The second advantage of sand is that it is very easy to get the angle of inclination of the bottles with it in order to bring them into optimal contact. The denser the necks will fit together, the less water will run away.
So, one bottle heats up, the water in it evaporates, while in another bottle condensation from pure water arises. An additional measure that cools the second bottle and enhances the effect of condensation of water can be a slight wetting of the sand, pouring cool water on the bottle or wrapping it with a wet towel.
When the sand in the first tank is sufficiently heated, the water in the first bottle will reach the boiling point, from this moment the distillation process starts. Once the water has completely evaporated, it can be refilled.
The author shares the secret of how the same action can be performed, but already without iron trays.
To do this, you first need to build a pile of sand and bury one of the bottles at the very top of this pile, leaving only the neck. It will be a heated bottle. Salt water is poured into it. A bonfire is made on this mound / embankment and its burning is maintained until the water in the bottles begins to boil.
It is much easier to warm up the top of the embankment in which the bottle is buried than to warm up a flat surface in which the heat spreads in all directions - this is the trick!
On the issue of fixing and fitting the second bottle relative to the first, improvisation is possible. It can be a wooden support made of branches, sticks and stones. You can hold the second bottle with your hands, but in this case you will need a piece of linen, for example, a piece of shirt. The fabric is wetted with salt water, which will be distilled. This cloth wraps a bottle. Now it will not be hot to hold in her hands.
As an alternative, you can pour a second knoll next to the first and bury another bottle in it. As you see, there are many options.
Thus, it is a fairly safe, and effective method of obtaining drinking, fresh water. But using this method, it is hardly possible to remove chemical pollution of anthropogenic nature from water.
To speed up the distillation process, the second bottle can be rotated around its axis, providing cooling over the entire surface.
And in the second bottle a certain amount of distilled water was already collected, the author only turns the bottle a little around its axis to cool its upper part, in which hot steam accumulates. He does not use any wet towel or ice water in this version.
This is a rather slow process: in about 10 minutes, about a third of the water has been distilled. But, at the same time, with this amount it is quite possible to quench thirst and support the existence of man in difficult natural conditions!
Take a look - this is absolutely pure water, in order to make sure of this clearly, the author poured it on a hot stove, no traces of salt remained.
And here is the initial solution. If you carry out the process to the end, waiting for the complete evaporation of the initial solution, you can also get salt for cooking.
Thanks to the author for the simple idea of a distillation apparatus!
All good mood, good luck, and interesting ideas!
Author video can be found here.