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Simple Gauss gun on capacitors


The article will consider an example of creating the simplest Gauss gun. The essence of the device is that it works on an electromagnetic field, that is, the charge is launched into flight using electricity. Such a gun is assembled very simply, in the presence of all the necessary materials, the assembly takes about an hour. Of course, the power of the gun is not large, since its efficiency is only 1%, but this is enough to break through cardboard or a beer can. Easily accessible capacitors are used to accumulate the charge, and the voltage source is a conventional outlet, that is, 220V AC. The cannon can be fired with steel balls or darts, which can be made from nails.

Materials and tools for assembly:
- bulb (220V, 60 watts) with a cartridge;
- wires;
- capacitors (can be obtained from a computer power supply);
- diodes;
- metal and plastic tubes;
- copper lacquered wire;
- glue (suitable Titan);
- soldering iron with solder;
- electrical tape.

The manufacturing process of the Gauss gun:

Step one. How is the gun
To understand how the gun works, it is proposed to study the scheme. It is very simple, there are no converters, everything works from a 220V network. The circuit consists of capacitors that accumulate charge, a diode (necessary to equalize the alternating current), a coil (the electromagnet itself), and a light bulb that will limit the charging current of the capacitors.

Step Two We make a coil
The coil will work like an electromagnet when voltage from capacitors comes to it. For the manufacture of the coil, a varnished wire will be required, the thickness of which is at least 0.7 mm. The wire is wound on a plastic or metal tube, it will also act as a trunk. The wire must be wound carefully, evenly, coil by coil. When the first layer is wound, it must be fixed with glue. Then a new layer is wound on top. To align the turns, you can use wooden objects or bamboos.As a result, the coil should take the form as can be seen in the photo.


Step Three Making a capacitor bank
A capacitor bank is the gun’s power source. The more capacitors there are, the more charge they can accumulate, which means that the more powerful the gun will shoot. For these purposes, capacitors from a computer power supply are excellent, their rated voltage is 200V. As for capacitance, it can be 470 microfarads or 560 microfarads. In total, the author uses six capacitors, they are connected using a soldering iron and wires in parallel.

Step Four The final stage of assembly
To charge such capacitors, you need a constant current, to get it, you need diodes. Such diodes can be found again in the computer power supply. In order for the system to be reliable, 4 or more diodes can be installed in parallel. The minus of the diode should be connected to the plus of the capacitor, or vice versa.

Among other things, a bulb is turned on in the circuit, it performs the task of a resistor and does not allow capacitors to recharge to a breakdown state. Also, the bulb will fulfill the role of a charging indicator; it can be used to determine when the capacitors are charged and a shot can be fired.

As for the trigger, for the shots you will need a switch, and best of all, a toggle switch. It is important that the switch or toggle switch can withstand high loads.

That's all, homemade can be considered complete. Now for the barrel you need to make a simple handle so that the gun can be held, as well as safely and conveniently position the light bulb, toggle switch and battery with capacitors.

To shoot, you need to wait until the capacitors are charged, while the bulb will glow more dimly than at the initial stage of charging. As shells, metal balls or darts are suitable. Here it will already be necessary to select the optimal distance from the coil to the projectile experimentally. The most important thing is to observe safety precautions, since the cannon is tested at high voltage.
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22 commentary
It would be necessary to make the body
Quote: Dmitrij
Ivan_Pokhmelev,
Clearly, a dark forest ... the conversation is over.

I have long realized that really electronics for you is a very dark forest.
The only way to prove to Pohmelyov that the homemade product is functional is to try to shoot him from it !!!! : weary:
Author
Ivan_Pokhmelev,
Clearly, a dark forest ... the conversation is over.
Quote: Dmitrij
where are the arrivals and requirements?)) What is in the source material is here.

Firstly, I didn’t require anything from you, I just reported about the stupid things. Moreover, the device operates under mains voltage without galvanic isolation and even without fuse.
Secondly, do not be cunning: you added your fantasies that are not based on knowledge to the source text.
I have only three of these claims to the source, the rest are your fantasies, which further worsened the source text.
1. With a maximum mains voltage of 242 V (even if we take 220 V rather than 230 V as the nominal value), the amplitude value is 339 V. How can I use 200 V capacitors? In computer power supplies, their voltage is 400 V (200 + 200 with the most common half-bridge circuit).
2. Since the parameters of the diodes are scattered, even if they are from the same batch, then with such parallelization, as in the photo, the diode with the lowest voltage drop takes on a larger current, which leads to its heating relative to other diodes, an even greater decrease in voltage drop and further increase in current.If necessary, parallel connection of the diodes always in series with each of them put equalizing resistors of small nominal value.
I agree that anyone who understands this will find the information and do it, and whoever is not likely will not try.
Author
and ... well ... I don’t know where the very first source is)) Articles are copied hundreds of times ... Well, there is news on our site, I think this is the main thing. And who needs more details - google to help. The main thing is the idea. Or isn’t it?)
I seem to have found the source of the source, but even there it does not say how many turns: flushed:
Something like this. "The main power element of our gun is an inductor. It’s worth starting the assembly of the gun with its manufacture. Take a piece of straw 30 mm long and two large washers (plastic or cardboard), assemble the bobbin from them using a screw and nut. Start wrapping it on it the enameled wire is neat, turn to turn (with a large diameter of the wire it is quite simple). Be careful not to bend the wire sharply, do not damage the insulation. After finishing the first layer, fill it with super glue and start wrapping the next one. Upaite so every layer. All you need to wind the 12 layers. "
Author
Justify your claims.

Making capacitor banks. Capacitors can be obtained either at the radio parts store or from computer power supplies. They have a rated voltage. 200 V


For reliability we solder parallel 4 diodes from the same computer PSU.


There are no coil parameters in the source.
The scribe misinterpreted something, invented something on his own, three times less in the source of stupidities: 200 V air conditioners, parallel connection of diodes according to the above diagram, and lack of coil parameters.
I agree with the clarification about capacitors: I formulated clumsily, meaning, of course, that you can not use two-hundred-volt capacitors, the rated voltage of the capacitors should be at least 400 V, and if applied to 200 V, then, as you absolutely correctly noticed, you must turn it on sequentially two pieces with the same capacity.
This is not a homemade product, but an exposition in its own words of the source material. Observing the basic principles of homemade material, but with its exposition. If the author has interpreted the source material, this is one thing, but if something is not clear in the design, then the question is to the original source. This is how sales journalism works around the world: smiley :
Author
we have Admin, and I'm just a free servant smile
"it's like buying a newspaper, and then looking for a journalist to ask what the value of the capacitors should be."
And yes, they ask the editorial board (magazine) ... And she organizes the Answer.
"What's in the source material, then here."
And why copy something stupid and illiterate materials ??
According to the current (pro-American) rules, in this case, you must warn CAUTION! RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN (in pure Russian) :)
Author
it's like buying a newspaper, and then looking for a journalist to ask what kind of capacitors should be smile

No, I don’t mind answering, discussing it, but where are the arrears and requirements from?)) What’s in the source material, then here.
Author
you guys are interesting ... who should answer the questions? To me? )))

I’m saying, it’s necessary to make a camera out of the camera, a cool thing. From one finger battery will shoot.

And such a question. If you discharge a capacitor at 200V, will it kill you? Not? And at 400?
Questions are legitimate ... There are no answers. This is not ice for the site.
I will answer on the issue of security.
"Capacitors from a computer power supply" in most types have a nominal voltage of 200 V. And in this circuit they will be charged up to ~ 310 V.Therefore, here you need to include pairs of capacitors in series. This will give a nominal voltage of 200 + 200 = 400 V. And the capacitance of the capacitors in the pair should be the same.
As a button, you can use the light switch of an open installation on 16 A, 250 V
1. What diodes do you propose to use ("do not offer" from a computer power supply, because why should I find out which diodes are there)? Write either type or parameters.
2. Diodes "for alignment AC ”- Your awareness is amazing.
3. What are the coil parameters: diameter, winding length, number of turns?
4. "Capacitors from a computer power supply" have a nominal voltage of not 200 V, but 400 V or 450 V. Two-volt ones will explode.
5. “To make the system reliable, you can install 4 or more diodes in parallel” - just the opposite: as shown in the photo, diodes should not be turned on.
6. "The minus of the diode must be connected to the plus of the capacitor, or vice versa." - how to understand this: to the plus of the capacitor or, conversely, to the minus of the capacitor?
7. Diodes do not have a minus and a plus.
8. “a bulb ... does not allow capacitors to recharge to a breakdown state.” - the lamp limits the charge current of the capacitors, and they are charged to the amplitude value of the supply voltage.
9. "switch, and best of all a toggle switch. It is important that the switch or toggle switch can withstand high loads. ” - using the switch will be very inconvenient, in addition, in the photo there is not a switch or a toggle switch, but a KM button on frail mikriki.
10. When "the capacitors charge ... the light will glow more dimly than at the initial stage of charging" - it will not light at all.

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