Almost every one of you is very interested in the topic of knives, especially which serve as an indispensable and reliable tool in the workshop.
In this article, the author of the YouTube channel "Evgeniy Budilov" will tell you how he made a knife for working with leather, plastic, or carpentry.
This kind of knife is very easy to manufacture, and can be repeated with a small number of tools and machine tools.
Materials
- Old file
- Silicate brick
- Machine oil
- Spray paint.
Instruments, used by the author.
- Gas-burner
- Electric or gas oven
— Clamps
— Bulgariancutting disc
- Belt sander
— Infrared digital thermometer
- Grinder
- Disc metal brush
- Sharpening machine
- Marker, core, hammer.
Manufacturing process.
So, the basis for this easy-to-make knife is the old Soviet file. And as you probably know, they are made of very solid, high-quality tool steel of grades U10A, U13A.
First of all, the author makes a small hearth out of silicate brick. In one upper brick there is a special hole in which a gas burner is installed. It connects to the gas bottle with a hose.
The file does not fit completely in the hearth chamber, so it cuts off the shank with a grinder.
In order to make the metal easier to process, it must be heated in a furnace.
After complete warming up to a crimson color, the author closes the camera and allows it to cool.
While the workpiece cools down and the tempering process takes place, the author made a small sketch.
Trying to transfer the contours of the template to the workpiece using a marker, it became clear that they are poorly visible, and blurred. It is better to make markings with white spray paint.
Excess material is removed and the workpiece is cut off.
Next, the profile of the future blade is processed using a belt sander, it is periodically required to cool the workpiece in water.
The handle curve and the cutting edge line are also aligned.
Now the shank is marked and pinched.
The hole in the shank is drilled with a drill with a corundum insert, the use of grease and low revolutions of the machine are mandatory.
In order to accurately form the slopes, the master applies a tricky technique.He paints the edge with a marker, and draws an edge line with a core.
Now the blade is fixed on a special device that allows you to tilt the workpiece at a slight angle.
Using this fixtures it is quite easy and accurate to form slopes.
The first side is ready, the workpiece is turned 180 degrees, and a second descent is formed.
The knife is very small, but very comfortable in the hand. The blade is heated in the hearth, and tempered in engine oil. It is important not just to dip it in the oil, but to stir slightly, for faster and more uniform cooling. In addition, the critical heating temperature before quenching is 1300 degrees, while the steel billet will glow white, and the normal color will be crimson. You can also control the adequacy of heating using a magnet. Upon reaching the required temperature, the steel loses its magnetic properties. Instead of machine oil, it is better to use mineral.
So, the blade has cooled, and now it looks like this.
Now you can conduct the first test on the quality of hardening; for this, the author conducted an unsharpened blade on a glass bottle. Very deep scratches remained on it.
After hardening, the blade must be released in an electric or gas furnace at a temperature of about 200 ° C for two hours. Then the furnace is turned off, and the blade remains in it until it cools completely.
The surface of the blade is processed on a grinder with a disk metal brush. The ends and faces are ground using an engraving machine.
The last stage of manual sharpening of the cutting edge remains. The author uses a special machine that allows you to precisely control the angle of sharpening.
Here is such a small but very functional tool turned out by the master.
Even the preliminary project almost completely coincided with the finished result.
I thank the author for a simple but interesting workshop on making a knife for a workshop!
All good mood, good luck, and interesting ideas!
Author video can be found here.